Kusvika kuma1950s, iyo data yeCNC muchina mashandiro ainyanya kubva kumapunch makadhi, ayo ainyanya kugadzirwa kuburikidza neakaoma manyorerwo maitiro.Iyo shanduko mukuvandudzwa kweCNC ndeyekuti kana kadhi rakatsiviwa nekutonga kwekombuta, rinoratidza zvakananga kuvandudzwa kwekombuta, pamwe nekombuta inobatsira dhizaini (CAD) uye komputa inobatsira kugadzira (CAM) zvirongwa.Kugadziriswa kwave kumwe kwekutanga kushandiswa kwekombuta yemazuva ano tekinoroji.
Kunyange zvazvo injini yekuongorora yakagadzirwa naCharles Babbage pakati pemakore ekuma1800 ichionekwa sekombiyuta yekutanga mupfungwa yemazuva ano, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) chaiyo-nguva yekombuta chamupupuri I (zvakare akazvarirwa muservo machinery laboratory) komputa yekutanga yenyika ine parallel computing uye magineti musimboti ndangariro (sezvinoratidzwa pamufananidzo uri pazasi).Chikwata chakakwanisa kushandisa muchina uyu kunyora kodhi inodzorwa nekombuta ye tepi ine perforated.Mutambi wepakutanga akashandisa machubhu evacuum angangoita 5000 uye airema 20000 mapaundi.
Kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma kwekuvandudza komputa panguva iyi yaive chikamu chedambudziko panguva iyoyo.Kunze kwezvo, vanhu vanoedza kutengesa pfungwa iyi havanyatso kunyatsoziva kugadzira - vanongori nyanzvi dzemakomputa.Panguva iyoyo, pfungwa yeNC yaishamisa kune vanogadzira zvekuti kuvandudza tekinoroji iyi kwainonoka panguva iyoyo, zvekuti Hondo yeUS yakazopedzisira yagadzira michina ye120 NC uye kuirenda kune vakasiyana vagadziri kuti vatange kuzivisa kushandiswa kwavo. .
Evolution schedule kubva kuNC kuenda kuCNC
Pakati pema1950:G kodhi, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa NC programming mutauro, yakazvarwa mu servo mechanism Laboratory yeMassachusetts Institute of technology.G kodhi inoshandiswa kuudza maturusi emuchina wekombuta maitiro ekugadzira chimwe chinhu.Murairo unotumirwa kune muchina controller, uyo anobva audza mota kumhanya kwekufamba uye nzira yekutevera.
1956:mauto emuchadenga akaronga kugadzira mutauro wehurongwa hwehuwandu hwekudzora nhamba.Dhipatimendi idzva rekutsvagisa reMIT, rinotungamirwa naDoug Ross uye rakanzi Computer Applications Group, rakatanga kudzidza chikumbiro ichi uye kugadzira chimwe chinhu chakazozivikanwa semutauro weprogramme automed tool (APT).
1957:mubatanidzwa weindasitiri yendege uye dhipatimendi remauto emuchadenga rakabatana neMIT kuenzanisa basa reapt uye rakagadzira yekutanga yepamutemo CNC muchina.Apt, yakagadzirwa isati yatanga kugadzirwa kweiyo graphical interface uye FORTRAN, inoshandisa zvinyorwa chete kuendesa geometry uye nzira dzezvishandiso kumichina yekudzora nhamba (NC).(iyo yakazotevera vhezheni yakanyorwa muFORTRAN, uye apt yakazoburitswa munharaunda yevagari.
1957:paaishanda kuGeneral Electric, nyanzvi yezvemakombiyuta yekuAmerica Patrick J. Hanratty akagadzira uye akaburitsa mutauro wekutanga wekutengesa NC wainzi Pronto, wakateya hwaro hwezvirongwa zveCAD zveramangwana uye akamuhwina zita risiri iro rekuti "baba vekadhi / cam".
"Musi waMarch 11, 1958, nguva itsva yekugadzirwa kwekugadzira yakaberekwa. Kwenguva yokutanga munhoroondo yekugadzira, michina yakawanda yemagetsi inodzorwa nemagetsi yakakura yakashanda panguva imwe chete semutsara wekugadzira wakabatanidzwa. Iyi michina yakanga inenge isina kutarisirwa, uye ivo vaigona kuboora, kuboora, chigayo, uye kupfuudza zvidimbu zvisina basa pakati pemichina.
1959:MIT timu yakaita musangano wevatori venhau kuratidza yavo ichangobva kugadzirwa CNC muchina maturusi.
1959:mauto emuchadenga akasaina chibvumirano chegore rimwe chete neMIT electronic system laboratory kugadzira "computer aided design project".Iyo inokonzeresa system otomatiki engineering dhizaini (AED) yakaburitswa kune yeruzhinji domain muna 1965.
1959:General Motors (GM) yakatanga kudzidza yakazonzi komputa yakagadziridzwa dhizaini (DAC-1), yaive imwe yemhando dzekare dzeCAD.Gore rakatevera, vakaunza IBM seshamwari.Dhirowa inogona kutariswa muhurongwa, iyo inovaisa uye inogona kugadziridzwa.Zvadaro, imwe software inogona kushandura mitsara kuita 3D maumbirwo uye kuaburitsa kuti akwanise kutumira kumuchina wekugaya.DAC-1 yakaiswa mukugadzirwa muna 1963 uye yakaitwa paruzhinji debut muna 1964.
1962:yekutanga yekutengeserana graphics CAD system electronic plotter (EDM) yakagadzirwa neitek, US Defense contractor, yakatangwa.Yakatorwa nekudzora data corporation, mainframe uye supercomputer kambani, uye yakatumidzwa zita rekuti digigraphy.Yakatanga kushandiswa naLockheed nemamwe makambani kugadzira zvikamu zvekugadzira zveC-5 Galaxy mauto ekutakura ndege, zvichiratidza nyaya yekutanga yekuguma-kumagumo cad / cnc production system.
Magazini yeTime panguva iyoyo yakanyora chinyorwa pa EDM muna March, 1962, uye yakaratidza kuti dhizaini yevashandisi yakapinda mukombiyuta yakachipa kuburikidza nekoni, iyo inogona kugadzirisa matambudziko uye kuchengetedza mhinduro mumhando ye digital uye microfilm muraibhurari yayo yekuyeuka.Ingo dzvanya bhatani uye dhirowa sketch nechinyoreso chechiedza, uye injinjiniya anogona kupinda munhaurirano inomhanya neEDM, yeuka chero ipi zvayo yemifananidzo yake yekutanga kuchiratidziro mukati me millisecond, uye shandura mitsetse yavo nemacurves pakuda.
Ivan Sutherland ari kudzidza TX-2
Schematic diagram yehighlighter
Panguva iyoyo, vagadziri vemichina nemagetsi vaida chokushandisa kuti vakurumidze basa rakaoma uye rinopedza nguva ravaiwanzoita.Kuti asangane nechido ichi, Ivan E. Sutherland weDhipatimendi rekugadzira magetsi kuMIT akagadzira hurongwa hwekuita makombiyuta edhijitari mubatanidzwa anoshanda kune vanogadzira.
CNC muchina maturusi anowana traction uye mukurumbira
Mukati memakore ekuma1960, kubuda kwemakomputa madiki anotengwa kwakachinja mitemo yemutambo muindasitiri iyi.Kutenda kune nyowani transistor uye yepakati ndangariro tekinoroji, aya machina ane simba anotora nzvimbo shoma pane yekamuri saizi mainframes anoshandiswa kusvika zvino.
Makomputa madiki, anozivikanwawo semakomputa epakati panguva iyoyo, ane ma tag emutengo anokwanisika, achivasunungura kubva pazvirambidzo zvemakambani apfuura kana mauto, uye achipa kugona kwechokwadi, kuvimbika uye kudzokorora kumakambani madiki, mabhizinesi.
Kusiyana neizvi, mamicrocomputers ari 8-bit mushandisi mumwe chete, michina iri nyore inomhanyisa masisitimu anoshanda (akadai seMS-DOS), nepo macomputer madiki ari 16 bit kana 32-bit.Makambani anoputsa anosanganisira Zvita, data general, uye Hewlett Packard (HP) (ikozvino inoreva makomputa ayo madiki, akadai seHP3000, se "maseva").
Mukutanga 1970s, kunonoka kukura kwehupfumi uye kukwira kwemitengo yebasa kwakaita kuti CNC machining itaridzike semhinduro yakanaka uye inodhura, uye kudiwa kweinodhura NC system michina maturusi akawedzera.Kunyange zvazvo vatsvakurudzi vekuAmerica vachitarisa kumaindasitiri epamusoro-soro akadai sesoftware uye aerospace, Germany (yakabatanidzwa neJapan kuma1980) inotarisa pamisika ine mutengo wakaderera uye inodarika United States mukutengesa kwemichina.Nekudaro, panguva ino, kune akateedzana eAmerican CAD makambani uye vatengesi, kusanganisira UGS Corp., komputa, applicon uye IBM.
Mumakore ekuma1980, nekudzikira kwemutengo wehardware zvichienderana nemamicroprocessors uye kubuda kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo network (LAN), network yekombuta yakabatana nevamwe, mutengo uye kuwanikwa kweCNC muchina zvishandiso zvakaonekwawo.Pakazosvika hafu yekupedzisira ye1980s, makomputa madiki nemakomputa makuru akatsiviwa nenetiweki workstations, mafaera maseva uye makomputa ega (PCS), nokudaro achibvisa CNC michina yemayunivhesiti nemakambani aigaroaisa (nekuti ndiwo ega. makomputa anodhura anokwanisa kuvaperekedza).
Muna 1989, National Institute of zviyero uye tekinoroji pasi peDhipatimendi rekutengeserana reUS yakagadzira iyo yakawedzera muchina controller chirongwa (EMC2, yakazonzi linuxcnc), inova yakavhurika-sosi gnu/linux software system inoshandisa yakajairika chinangwa komputa kudzora CNC. michina.Linuxcnc inovhura nzira yeramangwana remunhu CNC muchina maturusi, ayo achiri mapiyona maapplication mumunda wekombuta.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-19-2022